阀门毛坯的选择方法

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原文：
机械加工常用的毛坯有铸件、锻件、型材及焊接件。不同的毛坯种类及毛坯的精度、粗糙度和硬度等对机械加工工艺过程有着直接的影响。选择阀门毛坯时应考虑如下的一些因素：　　⑴零件的材料及对材料的组织和性能要求:设计图上规定的零件材料，大体上就决定了毛坯的种类。例如，零件材料为铸铁就必须用铸造方法来制造毛坯。对于钢制零件，在选择毛坯时应考虑材料的力学性能要求。例如，制造高压阀门的零件一般应尽量选用锻件或焊接件，以保证材料具有良好的力学性能。　　⑵零件的结构形状和外形尺寸:零件的结构形状是影响毛坯选择的重要因素，例如，结构形状复杂的阀体应尽量选用铸件。尺寸大的阀体可选用砂型铸造；尺寸小的则采用熔模铸造。　　⑶生产纲领的大小:零件的生产纲领愈大，采用高精度和高效率的毛坯制造方法经济效果愈好。　　⑷毛坯制造的条件:应根据现场的设备状况和工艺水平来选择毛坯，并考虑发展前景逐步采用先进的毛坯制造方法。

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译文：
Valve selection method blank Have used the rough machining castings, forgings, profiles and welding parts. Different types of rough and rough accuracy, roughness and hardness of the machining process has a direct impact. Select the valve should be considered as rough a number of factors: ⑴ parts of the material and the organization of materials and performance requirements: requirements on the design of parts materials, largely determines the type of rough. For example, cast iron parts and materials must be used for the casting method to produce rough. For steel parts, the choice of material should be considered rough mechanical performance requirements. For example, the manufacture of high-pressure valve components generally should try to use forged or welded to ensure the material has good mechanical properties. ⑵ parts of the structure shape and dimensions: structure and shape of parts is an important factor affecting choice of blank, for example, the structure of complex body shape casting should be used. Large size of the body can use sand casting; small size of the use of investment casting. ⑶ production program size: the greater part of the production program, using high precision and efficiency of the blank manufacturing method of the better economic results. ⑷ blank manufacturing conditions: the equipment should be based on site conditions and level of technology to choose rough, and consider the prospects for the gradual development of advanced manufacturing methods blank.

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2012-01-16 08:20